Characterization of the novel HLA-A*24:191 allele and analysis of its MHC molecular modeling structure / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To characterize a novel HLA allele, A*24:191, its DNA sequence, MHC modeling structure, and the possible influence of the amino-acid residue variations on the molecule.@*METHODS@#The HLA sequence was determined by Luminex PCR-SSO and PCR-SBT. Its MHC molecular structure and the possible effects of the amino-acid residue variations were modeled and analyzed with Phyre2, RCSB PDB and HistoCheck software.@*RESULTS@#The PCR-SBT revealed the novel A*24:191 differs from A*24:02 in exon 2 at position 256, 265, 270 with G>C, G>C, A>T. The MHC molecular structure prediction showed that, compared with A*24:02, the 62nd residue of A*24:191 changed from the acidic E to a neutral Q, both with the side chain extending outside the α helix pointing forward the groove, (Risler's score, R=2), the 65th changed from the smaller neutral G extending inside the helix to a basic R with a long-chain extending upward outside the helix (R=52), and the 66th changed from the basic K to a neutral N both with a long side chain extending inside the groove (R=31). The above residues are located on the α helix of the α 1 domain which constituting the side wall of the peptide-binding groove. The DSS Score=3.85. From the surface image of the molecule, it can be clearly seen that the variations of the properties, sizes and configurations of the residues caused significant changes in the shape of the surface structure of the α helix.@*CONCLUSION@#It suggested that the residue variations are likely to change the peptide binding properties as well as the TCR and antibody binding characteristics of the molecule.

Identification of a rare platelet-specific antigen HPA-10bw allele among ethnic Han Chinese population in Shandong / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the polymorphism of human platelet antigen (HPA) system 10 among ethnic Han Chinese from Shandong, China so as to supplement the data of platelet donor bank in the region.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples of platelet donors from the region were genotyped for HPA-10 alleles by PCR-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) and direct sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Among 1401 donors, a rare heterozygote carrier of HPA-10w (a+b+) was identified, which gave an allelic frequency of approximately 0.035%.@*CONCLUSION@#The detection of rare HPA-10bw antigen allele among ethnic Han Chinese from Shandong is useful for the diagnosis and prevention of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia and post-transfusion purpura in the region.

Sequence analysis and 3D molecular structure simulation of a novel HLA allele B*51: 159 / 中华医学遗传学杂志

Objective@#To identify a novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B allele in a Chinese Han individual and construct its three-dimensional structure.@*Methods@#The initial HLA genotyping was performed by PCR-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT). The ambiguous allele was confirmed with single-strand DNA sequencing. The DNA sequence was analyzed to identify the difference between the novel allele and its closest matching allele. Finally, the three-dimensional molecular structure of the novel allele was constructed using a Swiss-Model.@*Results@#One allele of the subject at the HLA-B locus was B*44: 03: 01, whilst the other was a novel allele which differed from the closest matching allele B*51: 01: 01: 01 by nucleotide (nt) 329 A>C in exon 2, resulting in an amino acid change at codon 86 (p.Asn86Thr).@*Conclusion@#A novel HLA-B allele has been identified and officially named as HLA-B*51: 159 by the WHO Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System. The three-dimensional structure of B*51: 159 was simulated.

Sequence analysis and 3D molecular structure simulation of a novel HLA allele B*51:159 / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To identify a novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B allele in a Chinese Han individual and construct its three-dimensional structure.@*METHODS@#The initial HLA genotyping was performed by PCR-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT). The ambiguous allele was confirmed with single-strand DNA sequencing. The DNA sequence was analyzed to identify the difference between the novel allele and its closest matching allele. Finally, the three-dimensional molecular structure of the novel allele was constructed using a Swiss-Model.@*RESULTS@#One allele of the subject at the HLA-B locus was B*44:03:01, whilst the other was a novel allele which differed from the closest matching allele B*51:01:01:01 by nucleotide (nt) 329 A to C in exon 2, resulting in an amino acid change at codon 86 (p.Asn86Thr).@*CONCLUSION@#A novel HLA-B allele has been identified and officially named as HLA-B*51:159 by the WHO Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System. The three-dimensional structure of B*51:159 was simulated.

Analysis of HPA1-16 and HLA-A, B gene polymorphisms among ethnic Han population from Shandong / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the polymorphisms of human platelet antigen (HPA) 1-16 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A and -B loci among ethnic Han population from Shandong.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 588 samples from platelet donors were genotyped for the above loci with sequence-specific primer PCR and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of HPA-la, -1b, HPA-2a, -2b, HPA-3a, -3b, HPA-4a, -4b, HPA-5a, -5b, HPA-6a, -6b, HPA-15a, -15b were 0.9974, 0.0026, 0.9456, 0.0544, 0.5417, 0.4583, 0.9983, 0.0017, 0.9889, 0.0111, 0.9903, 0.0097, 0.5434 and 0.4583, respectively. The HPA-7-14 and HPA-16 showed no heterozygosity as the b allele was not detected in such loci. The most common genotypic combination for HPA was HPA-(1,4,7-14,16,17) aa-2aa-3ab-5aa -6aa-15ab (0.1820). HLA-A2 (0.3070) and HLA-B13 (0.1361) demonstrated the highest frequencies at their respective loci.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The HPA and HLA loci are highly polymorphic among ethnic Hans from Shandong. The distribution of HPA polymorphisms also shows a great ethnic and territorial difference. It is important to construct regional database for the genotypes of HPA and HLA loci for platelet donors.</p>

Mechanism investigation of platelet apoptosis inhibition by N-Arachidonoylethanolamine / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the mechanism of N- Arachidonoylethanolamine (ANA) on inhibiting platelets (PLT) apoptosis under standard blood bank storage conditions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Samples taken from collected apheresis PLT by the Amicus instrument were split into three parts. An aliquot of 0.5 μmol/L ANA were added to one part of storage PLT as the ANA group; an aliquot of 0.5 μmol/L ANA and 1 μmol/L SR141716 was added to the another part as the ANA + SR141716 group; and the third part without ANA and SR141716 as the control group. These samples were stored on a flat-bed shaker at (22 ± 2) ⁰C for 7 days. The expression of phosphatidyl serine (PS) positive, phospho (p)-Akt, Akt, p-Bad, Bad, caspase-3, caspase-9, cytochrome C (Cyt-C) and BCL-XL interaction with Bak were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of PLT PS positive in ANA group decreased significantly than that in control group[ (8.29 ± 1.44) % vs (14.24 ± 2.47) %, P<0.05]. The release of Cyt-C from mitochondria to cytosol in ANA group decreased significantly compared with control group[ (3.29 ± 1.44) % vs (15.24 ± 3.40) %, P<0.05]. Also the expressions of p-Akt and p-Bad in ANA group increased significantly than those in control group[ (71.33 ± 10.26) % vs (35.00 ± 6.00) %, P<0.05; (39.00 ± 9.64) % vs (10.33 ± 1.53) %, P<0.05, respectively]. Higher amounts of Bak protein were co-precipitated with BCL-XL in ANA group than that in control group (about 2.6 fold, P<0.05). The expressions of cleaved caspase- 9 and caspase- 3 in ANA group decreased significantly than those in control group[ (9.63 ± 1.47) % vs (23.24 ± 2.47) %, P<0.05; (6.30 ± 1.40) % vs (13.20 ± 2.50) %, P<0.05, respectively]. There were no significantly changes between ANA+SR141716 and control groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ANA protected PLTs from apoptosis as a result of inhibiting the release of Cyt-C from mitochondria to cytosol by modifying the expressions of apoptosis-relative proteins.</p>

Confirmation of 17 rare HLA alleles and prediction of their haplotypes / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To confirm 17 rare HLA alleles detected during routine HLA typing and deduce their haplotypes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bi-allelic sequence-based typing and Luminex DNA PCR-SSOP assay were applied for the initial or repeat HLA typing, respectively. The rare HLA alleles were confirmed with mono-allelic sequence-based typing. Predicted haplotypes of the rare alleles were inferred based on the frequencies of HLA alleles and haplotypes in Han population.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The authenticity of the total 17 rare HLA alleles was proven, and 18 predicted haplotypes associated with the rare alleles were recognized. A*11:12 and DRB1*13:19 were detected twice among unrelated individuals.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Study of rare HLA alleles and predicted haplotype can provide useful information for donor searching and transplantation, and enrich polymorphisms of HLA in this population.</p>

Distribution of HLA-C alleles in Shandong Han population of China / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To analyze the distribution of HLA-C alleles in Shandong Han population of China.Methods One hundred and fifty unrelated potential donors,self-claimed as Han population from Shandong province,were selected from China Marrow Donor Program.Genotypes of HLA-C with the donors were identified by PCR-SBT.The frequencies of allele were calculated with direct counting method and the differences with other populations were analyzed with SPSS16.0 x2 software.Results A total of 25 alleles of HLA-C were observed and the most common alleles were C * 06:02 and C * 07:02 with the frequency of more than 10.00％.Moreover,there were 16 kinds of alleles with the frequency of more than 1.00％ accounting for 95.33％ of the total alleles.The distribution of HLA-C alleles in Shandong Han population was similar to that in northern Han population,but had some differences with that in southern Han population.In addition,the distribution of HLA-C alleles in Shandong Han population significantly differed from that of German/African American.Conclusion This study on the distribution of HLA-C alleles in Shandong Han population provides valuable references for further studies on the genetics of HLA,cross-match for organ transplantation and other genetic-associated diseases in this population.

Identification of a novel allele, HLA-B * 54∶26 / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To identify a novel HLA-B allele in Chinese Han population.Methods No full matched result was obtained in HLA-B locus in HLA typing for China marrow donor program(CMDP) using bi-allelic sequence-based typing(SBT).A confirmatory test for novel HLA allele was performed with mono-allelic SBT.Results B * 15∶05∶01 was confirmed and another allele should be a B * 54new.The B * 54new has 2 nt changes from the closest matching HLA-B * 54∶01∶01 at nt 559,560 where AC→GA(codon163ACG→GAG),led to a coding change,163T→E.Conclusion A novel HLA-B allele was confirmed and officially named HLA-B * 54∶26 under the Genbank Accession number JN209963 by the WHO Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System in February 2012.